Female-specific reproductive organs such as the vagina, uterus, and ovaries may face various gynecological health risks, affecting women of different ages. Common gynecological conditions include menstrual disorders, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis. These issues do not only impact fertility but also pose significant health threats.
以下為常見的婦科疾病：
● Menstrual disorders
Irregular periods, excessive or scanty bleeding, or even absence of menstruation (amenorrhea).
● Dysmenorrhea (Menstrual pain)
A common discomfort during menstruation characterized by lower abdominal pain, often accompanied by lower backache, nausea, or fatigue. It may be caused by uterine contractions or related conditions.
● Uterine fibroids
Mostly benign tumors related to hormonal levels, which may cause heavy menstrual bleeding, menstrual pain, abdominal swelling, or bladder pressure leading to frequent urination.
● Ovarian cysts
Usually functional cysts; some may require monitoring or treatment. Symptoms can include lower abdominal pain, irregular periods, or painless masses detected during examinations.
● Endometriosis
Growth of uterine lining tissue outside the uterus, such as on the ovaries or pelvic cavity. Main symptoms include menstrual pain, painful intercourse, infertility, or severe pain during menstruation affecting daily life.
● Vaginitis
Typically caused by bacterial infections, yeast infections, or sexually transmitted infections. Symptoms include abnormal discharge, unpleasant odor, itching, or burning sensations.
● Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Associated with hormonal imbalance and insulin resistance. Can cause infrequent menstruation, infertility, excessive hair growth, weight gain, or acne.
● Menopausal syndrome
Due to gradual ovarian decline and decreased estrogen levels. Symptoms may include hot flushes, mood swings, insomnia, or osteoporosis.。
● Cervical cancer
Mainly caused by infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Early symptoms include irregular vaginal bleeding, post-coital bleeding, or abnormal discharge.
● Ovarian cancer
A gynecological cancer with a relatively high mortality rate, often diagnosed at advanced stages due to subtle early symptoms. Symptoms include abdominal bloating, pelvic pain, and loss of appetite.
